Cultural Iconography in Tang Dynasty Floral Pattern: A Semiotic Perspective on Philosophical Influence

Abstract

Floral motifs in the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE) played a significant role in the period’s religious iconography, reflecting the fusion of traditional Chinese aesthetics with the cultural ideologies of Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism. This research investigates the symbolic meanings of major floral patterns such as the lotus, peony, chrysanthemum, and plum blossom, which were commonly depicted in both cultural and secular art during this era. The research uses a dataset of 350 Tang Dynasty artworks, analyzing them through statistical methods in SPSS 27 to explore the associations between these floral motifs and their respective religious contexts. The findings reveal strong associations, with the lotus symbolizing purity and enlightenment in Buddhism, the chrysanthemum representing longevity and immortality in Daoism, and the peony signifying prosperity and good fortune, particularly in Confucianism. Although it is not closely linked to any particular religion, the plum blossom tends to be interpreted in Confucian terms as tenacity and rebirth. These motifs offer valuable insights into how art and symbolism were employed to convey cultural and philosophical ideals during the Tang Dynasty. The research also examines the evolution of these motifs over successive dynasties, demonstrating their enduring cultural and aesthetic significance. Furthermore, the research highlights the ongoing reinterpretation of these floral patterns, which continue to influence modern decorative arts and jewellery design. This research provides a deeper understanding of how traditional motifs have transcended time, maintaining their relevance in contemporary visual culture.