Cultura: International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology

Vol. 21 No. 3s (2024): Volume 21, Number 3s – 2024
Original Article

Prevalence Of Gram-Negative Bacteremia Among Hospitalized Patients In Taif: A 12-Month Retrospective Single Center Study

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  • Khalid M. Alhusayni, Abdullah M. Althomali, Ahmed R. Abdulwahab, Atheer D. Alghamdi, Hayat Y. Alzahrani, Manal A. Alghamdi, Jawaher S. Alharthi,
  • Mona M. Alotaibi, Yahya J. Hazazzi, Bashaer A. Hakami, Ali J. Hazzazi, Abdulrahman H. Faqehi, Mohammed T. Alsulaimani, Adnan A. Altalhi, Abdulmajeed A. Almalki

Published 2024-03-15

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) poses a major threat to patient outcomes and challenges healthcare systems. Local resistance data are essential to guide effective stewardship strategies.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients aged ≥18 years with positive blood cultures for GNB at a 500-bed tertiary hospital in Taif, Saudi Arabia, from January 2023 to January 2024. Data included demographics, infection sources, microbial resistance, treatment, and outcomes.

Results: Among 151 patients, 41% had resistant Gram-negative bloodstream infections. Urinary tract and skin/soft tissue infections were the most common sources (28.5% each). The surgical ward had the highest infection rate (41.7%). ESBL-producing and carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales were the leading resistant strains. Median times to Gram stain and final identification were 12 and 72 hours, respectively. Delayed de-escalation (>24 hours post-culture) occurred in 37% of cases. Median hospital stay was 240 hours. Intensive Care Units (ICU) patients had significantly higher mortality (53% vs. 11.8%, p < 0.001). Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission (OR = 4.67) and delayed therapy (OR = 3.25) were independent mortality predictors.

Conclusions: Resistant GNB infections are common and linked to high ICU mortality. Prompt de-escalation and strong infection control are essential. Multi-center studies are needed to inform broader strategies.

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