Published 2024-03-15
Keywords
- alveolar bone loss; blood dialysis; kidney failure; periodontitis; renal dialysis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Introduction: Loss of periodontal attachment may be the outcome of periodontitis, a host-mediated disease linked to microbial dysbiosis. Patients with renal insufficiency often have this oral health issue. The main therapy for renal failure is hemodialysis (HD). Given the rising incidence of periodontitis and renal failure, it is essential to comprehend their relationships and consequences.
The purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the connection between HD and periodontitis as well as the effects of periodontal health on clinical outcomes and oral health quality of life in HD patients.
Method: Extension for Systemic and Meta-Analyses in Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Up to 2024, peer-reviewed English-language papers were found by searching Medline, Embase, Scopus, and grey literature. Thematic analysis was used to summarize the data.
Findings: Of the 81 papers that were included, the majority were from Asia and Europe. Among HD patients, the prevalence of periodontitis varied from 36.27% to 99.06%. The results showed links between periodontitis and higher chances of comorbid conditions such metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other systemic diseases.
Conclusion: Patients on HD often develop periodontitis, which is linked to poor systemic and dental health outcomes. The absence of longitudinal research to draw conclusions about causality and the variability in case definitions are limitations of the available data. The study suggests longitudinal research and established diagnostic standards to guide integrated care strategies.