The Contribution Of Dental Teams To Improving Oral Health Outcomes In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus In Saudi Arabia: A Narrative Review
Published 2024-07-15
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus represents a major public health challenge in Saudi Arabia, with a high prevalence and substantial impact on systemic and oral health. Oral complications, particularly periodontal disease, are common among patients with diabetes and are closely linked to glycemic control through a bidirectional relationship. Dental teams play a critical role in addressing these complications; however, their contribution within the Saudi healthcare context has not been comprehensively synthesized.
Objective: This narrative review aimed to examine the contribution of dental teams to improving oral health outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia, with a focus on disease burden, oral health challenges, preventive care, and interprofessional collaboration.
Methods: A narrative review of relevant national and international literature was conducted, including studies published in peer-reviewed journals, reports from the Saudi Ministry of Health, and guidelines from international health organizations. The review focused on evidence related to diabetes prevalence in Saudi Arabia, oral health complications, and the roles of dentists, dental assistants, and dental hygienists in diabetic care.
Results: The reviewed evidence indicates a high prevalence of periodontal disease, dental caries, xerostomia, and oral infections among Saudi patients with diabetes, particularly those with poor glycemic control. Dental teams contribute significantly through periodontal management, preventive interventions, patient education, and coordination with medical professionals. Periodontal therapy and structured oral health education were associated with improved periodontal outcomes and enhanced patient awareness. However, challenges such as limited patient awareness, inconsistent interprofessional collaboration, and the absence of standardized national guidelines persist.
Conclusion: Dental teams play a vital role in improving oral health outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia. Strengthening their integration within diabetes care pathways, enhancing interprofessional collaboration, and implementing national guidelines are essential steps toward comprehensive and preventive diabetes management aligned with Saudi Vision 2030