Published 2025-11-12
Keywords
- Virtual pedagogical equitably challenges traditional digital quality Global traditionally quality blended onlinehybrid challenges
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
The shift from traditional classrooms to virtual platforms marks a pivotal transformation in 21st-century education. Accelerated by technological advancements and global disruptions like COVID-19, online learning offers flexibility, accessibility, and personalized engagement (Bozkurt & Sharma, 2020; Hodges et al., 2020; Means et al., 2014). However, challenges such as the digital divide, infrastructure gaps, and evolving pedagogical demands persist (Van Dijk, 2020; König et al., 2020; Trust & Whalen, 2020). Blended models and learner-centred approaches are emerging as sustainable solutions, positioning digital platforms as not a luxury but a necessity for inclusive, future-focused education (Hrastinski, 2019; Fullan & Langworthy, 2014; Redecker & Punie, 2017).