Digital Trade. Currency Fluctuations: An Straightforward Yet Sometimes Ambiguous Perspective On The Behavior Of Short-Term Capital Flows, In Developing Markets
VOLUME 22, 2024
The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review
VOLUME 6, 2023
María Claudia Pacheco Barros
John Arturo Buelvas Parra
Antonio José Pérez Llanos
Abstract
The research investigates how developing economies respond to unexpected short-term capital movements through their trade openness while dealing with unstable exchange rates. The central concept, indirect is that enhanced digital infrastructure could assist countries in managing abrupt currency fluctuations with relatively steadier capital flow patterns though this effect is not consistently robust everywhere. Utilizing panel data, from available public records the research develops interaction models to observe how these factors tend to change collectively. The research results show a weak relationship between digital trade openness and currency fluctuations because it decreases the strong response to exchange rate movements but the effect appears weak and irregular. The research findings indicate that digital systems provide limited assistance to nations dealing with unstable worldwide financial markets although the benefits remain uncertain and minimal.
Keywords :
digital trade openness; exchange-rate turbulence; capital flows; emerging economies; interaction panel model..
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords :
Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty