Background: Safety training is fundamental in primary health care to protect both patients and staff. While structured training programs aim to promote compliance with safety protocols, the effectiveness of such training and the factors influencing adherence in daily practice require systematic evaluation.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 primary health care staff selected via stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire (assessing knowledge and self-reported adherence) and an observational checklist (evaluating actual compliance). Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square tests, correlation analysis) were used to analyze relationships between training exposure and compliance levels.

Results: The majority of participants (90%) had attended at least one safety training session, and 80% demonstrated good to excellent knowledge of safety protocols. However, observational data revealed that only 50% fully complied with protocols during routine practice. A strong positive association was found between training frequency and compliance: staff attending multiple sessions had significantly higher full compliance rates (66.7%) compared to those attending only one session (20%). None of the untrained staff were fully compliant.

Conclusion: Safety training effectively enhances knowledge, but a gap remains between knowledge and consistent practice. Repeated training is strongly associated with improved compliance. To bridge this gap, ongoing reinforcement of training, combined with organizational support, leadership engagement, and system-level interventions, is essential to sustain a robust safety culture in primary health care settings.