Cultura

The Impact Of Infection Control And Prevention In Hospitals And Other Healthcare Facilities

VOLUME 21, 2024

The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review

VOLUME 6, 2023

Ahmad Ali Ahmad Alharbi
Hesham Mohammed Ahmad Alshareif
Saeed Ahmed Almalki
Ahmed Hussain Daghriri

Abstract

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) burden Saudi Arabian healthcare, affecting 15-20% of patients amid Hajj pilgrim surges and Vision 2030 goals for a 30% reduction by 2030. This prospective cohort study evaluated a multimodal infection prevention and control (IPC) bundle's impact across five tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam. From January 2024 to December 2025, 12,500 patients (1.065 million patient-days) and 1,200 healthcare workers underwent active HAI surveillance per CDC NHSN definitions. Interventions included hand hygiene campaigns (WHO 5 Moments), risk-stratified PPE, early PCR screening, hydrogen peroxide vapor disinfection, and electronic audits. Outcomes assessed pre-/post HAI rates (CLABSIs, CAUTIs, VAPs, SSIs), compliance (n=10,000 observations), MDRO swabs (n=5,000), and logistic regression for predictors. Baseline HAI rate was 2.2/1,000 patient-days, declining 46% to 1.2 post-intervention (p<0.001). Device-associated HAIs reduced 45-48%; hand hygiene compliance rose from 62% to 92%, PPE from 63% to 93%, and MDRO contamination from 28% to 6% (79% clearance). High compliance protected against HAIs (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.35-0.50). Length of stay shortened 1.8 days, projecting SAR 45 million savings.The IPC bundle achieved superior, sustained HAI reductions exceeding expectations, validating CBAHI-aligned protocols for Saudi contexts and informing GCC policy.

Keywords : Hospital-acquired infections, infection prevention, hand hygiene, multidrug-resistant organisms, Saudi Arabia.
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords : Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty