Diabetes mellitus represents a major global public health challenge due to its high prevalence and the progressive nature of its complications. Early detection through periodic laboratory tests and radiological imaging is essential for reducing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs associated with diabetes-related complications. However, limited community awareness and suboptimal utilization of diagnostic services continue to hinder effective prevention and early intervention.

This comprehensive review aimed to examine the role of effective healthcare management in enhancing community awareness of the importance of periodic laboratory testing and radiological imaging for the early detection of diabetes complications. A structured narrative review was conducted using peer-reviewed literature from major scientific databases, in addition to international guidelines and reports issued by authoritative organizations.

The findings indicate that effective management plays a central role in translating clinical guidelines into community-level preventive practices. Strong leadership, interdisciplinary coordination, and culturally sensitive awareness strategies were consistently associated with improved utilization of laboratory and radiological diagnostic services. Periodic laboratory investigations were identified as essential tools for monitoring glycemic control and detecting early microvascular complications, while radiological imaging was crucial for identifying vascular and structural complications at early stages. The review also highlights that community awareness and health-seeking behavior are significantly influenced by management-driven education programs and organizational support.

In conclusion, effective healthcare management is a key driver in enhancing community awareness and promoting the early detection of diabetes complications. Strengthening management frameworks and integrating diagnostic services within comprehensive awareness strategies are essential for improving diabetes outcomes and supporting sustainable public health interventions.