In the context of globalization and the digital transformation of higher education, the development of communicative competence among ESP (English for Specific Purposes) learners has become a key priority of contemporary language education. Effective communication today extends beyond linguistic accuracy and includes professional interaction, intercultural awareness, and the ability to use digital tools in authentic communicative contexts. This paper examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of developing communicative competence in ESP education, with particular emphasis on the integration of linguistic, sociocultural, and strategic components. The study presents the results of an experimental teaching model implemented at the Almalyk branch of the National University of Science and Technology “MISIS,” aimed at enhancing students’ communicative performance through project-based and task-oriented learning supported by digital technologies. The findings indicate that a systematic approach to developing communicative competence contributes to improved language proficiency, critical thinking skills, and professional readiness of future specialists. The article also proposes pedagogical recommendations for ESP instructors and curriculum designers to support the sustainable development of communicative competence in the context of ongoing educational reforms in Uzbekistan.