Biopsychosocial Model Implementation in Saudi Healthcare Settings: A Multidisciplinary Review of Collaborative Practice Among Physical Therapy, Social Work, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Health Informatics in Hafar Al-Batin
VOLUME 21, 2024
The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review
VOLUME 6, 2023
Abstract
The biopsychosocial model represents a paradigm shift from reductionist biomedical approaches toward holistic, patient-centered care that integrates biological, psychological, and social dimensions of health and illness. This multidisciplinary review examines the implementation of biopsychosocial frameworks within Saudi Arabian healthcare settings, with particular focus on collaboration among physical therapists, social workers, nurses, midwives, and pharmacy professionals in the Hafar Al-Batin region. Through systematic analysis of international evidence and contextualization within Saudi cultural and healthcare system characteristics, this review identifies mechanisms through which multidisciplinary teams operationalize biopsychosocial principles in clinical practice. Findings reveal that effective biopsychosocial care requires structured interprofessional collaboration, culturally adapted assessment tools, family-inclusive treatment planning, and organizational systems supporting holistic care delivery. Physical therapists contribute biomechanical expertise while addressing psychosocial factors affecting rehabilitation outcomes. Social workers assess environmental determinants and mobilize community resources. Nurses and midwives provide continuous patient monitoring integrating physical, emotional, and social needs. Pharmacy professionals ensure medication management considers psychological and social adherence factors. Barriers to implementation include biomedical dominance in clinical culture, inadequate interprofessional education, time constraints limiting comprehensive assessment, and insufficient community resource integration. The Saudi context presents unique considerations including extended family structures, religious frameworks for understanding illness, gender-specific care preferences, and evolving mental health stigma. Successful implementation requires leadership commitment, interprofessional training programs, electronic health systems facilitating holistic documentation, and policy frameworks recognizing biopsychosocial care as standard practice rather than specialty intervention.
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.