Formulation of Business Strategies to Strengthen the Competitiveness of Small-Scale Coal Mining in the Municipalities of Tópaga and Gámeza, Boyacá
VOLUME 21, 2024
The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review
VOLUME 6, 2023
Martha Stella Martínez Bernal, Luis Alejandro Fonseca Páez, Derly Astrid Ortiz Salamanca
Abstract
Small-scale coal mining in Tópaga and Gámeza (Boyacá) represents an essential component of the rural socio-economic fabric, although its development is compromised by marked technological and structural deficiencies. Through the analysis of 151 mining titles and a detailed characterization of 33 production units, critical factors limiting their sustainability were identified, notably the lack of administrative frameworks and a low financial culture that leads to operational vulnerability. The findings were categorized into four dimensions, economic, institutional, technological, and environmental, whose interrelation explains the low productivity levels recorded. Consequently, this study formulates business strengthening and innovation strategies aimed at evolving from a subsistence model toward formal competitiveness. By establishing key strategies, an integral intervention is proposed to achieve technical efficiency, occupational safety, and environmental responsibility, thereby consolidating a solid pillar for territorial development in the region.
Keywords :
business strategies, competitiveness, coal mining, Boyacá..
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords :
Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty