Cultura

Da‘wah as Qur’ānic Rhetoric: A Linguistic Study of Ḥikmah, Maw‘iẓah Ḥasanah, Jadl bi al-Aḥsan, and the Ethos of the Dā‘ī

VOLUME 22, 2025

The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review

VOLUME 6, 2023

Dr. Nazir Ahmad Zargar, Muhammad Arif Zargar

Abstract

Da‘wah in Islam is not only a religious duty but also a structured communicative practice grounded in the Qur’ānic rhetoric. This article argues that the three principles articulated in the Qur’ān 16:125: ḥikmah, maw‘iẓah ḥasanah, and jadl bi al-aḥsan, constitute a Qur’ānic communicative triad that can be fruitfully analysed through contemporary linguistics and discourse theory. Through comparative-theoretical hermeneutics, the study reads selected Qur’ānic passages alongside their tafsīr and places the resulting interpretations in structured dialogue with modern linguistic theory, including speech act theory, Gricean pragmatics, politeness theory, pragma-dialectics, and Habermasian discourse ethics. Ḥikmah is read as a normatively constrained appeal to reason illuminated through Grice’s Cooperative Principle. Maw‘iẓah ḥasanah is analysed in relation to pathos and politeness theory, showing how the Qur’ānic address forms reduce the face-threatening force of exhortative religious discourse. Jadl bi al-aḥsan is situated within pragma-dialectical argumentation theory, and the Qur’ānic prohibition on reviling false deities (Q 6:108) is interpreted through Habermasian discourse ethics. The analysis proposes a four-dimensional communicative framework,viz., rational-evidential, affective-relational, dialectical-argumentative, and character-constitutive, that resolves the structural asymmetry between the Qur’ānic triad and the Aristotelian logos-pathos-ethos model. The framework offers a model for understanding religious discourse as a form of rhetorical pragmatics applicable beyond the Qur’ānic context.

Keywords : Da‘wah, Qur’ānic rhetoric, speech act theory, Gricean pragmatics, politeness theory, pragma-dialectics, discourse ethics, Islamic communicative ethics.
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords : Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty