Cultura

Exploring the Design and Fabrication of a Smart Soft Fingers Rehabilitation Hand with Embedded Sensors: A Comprehensive Review

VOLUME 23, 2026

The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review

VOLUME 6, 2023

Mohammed S. Kadhim, Nabeel K. Abid Al-Sahib, Muhammed Abdul Sattar

Abstract

Smart soft fingers rehabilitation hands represent a significant advancement in upper limb rehabilitation technology. These devices address the complex challenge of restoring hand functionality by combining soft robotics and sensor technology. Unlike rigid rehabilitation devices, smart soft fingers utilize compliant materials and structures to enhance patient safety, comfort, and adaptability. This paper reviews the design considerations for soft finger mechanisms, focusing on materials, mechanical principles, and the integration of sensors and actuators. Emphasis is placed on selecting skin-safe materials, mechanical compliance, and the need for accurate motion tracking and feedback. Various sensor types, including pressure, force, and tactile sensors, are explored for their roles in capturing finger motion and contact forces. Actuation mechanisms range from simple motors to sophisticated pneumatic and artificial muscle systems, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Integrating these components into a functional rehabilitation hand requires strategic sensor placement and advanced control systems to manage force and movement effectively. Challenges such as sensor accuracy, device robustness, and Scalability are discussed alongside potential future directions for incorporating machine learning and enhancing user customization. The paper concludes by highlighting the progress and ongoing efforts to refine smart soft fingers rehabilitation hands to improve outcomes and patient engagement.

Keywords : .
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords : Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty