Cultura

From Manuscript to Mass Print: Evolution of Literary Publications in the Qing Dynasty

VOLUME 21, 2024

The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review

VOLUME 6, 2023

Xiaoxin Yang
College of Liberal Arts, Yangzhou University, No. 180 Siwangting Road, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province.

Abstract

This study review explores the development of literary publications during the Qing Dynasty and, mailny, focuses on the transition from manuscripts to the launch of mass printing. This study considers the period from the early Qing dynasty through the rise of movable type printing. It considers the new inventions that made this change possible, social changes that constituted a part of the transformation, and cultural features that brought about these transformations. The article first details manuscript formats, styles, and channels of dissemination, then addresses the effect of woodblock printing, which made the works available to the general reading population. This text discusses moveable type printing in detail, providing both pros and cons and elucidating its critical role in the standardization and commercialization of writing books. Additionally, the paper analyses the expansion of the literary market due to urban development and social changes, as well as their influence on the intellectual and cultural realm. Despite the progress, the report acknowledges the difficulty in controlling several aspects of these problems, such as government censorship, widespread piracy, and the need to address financial issues. The difficulties demonstrate the tricky nature of how the story will unfold. The difficulties demonstrate the tricky nature of how the story will unfold. Finally, it shows the immense impact of the change from structure print to mass print, which consequently reflects the persevering through traces of Chinese composition and social characteristics. By eagerly taking a gander at the fundamental events and their certifiable significance, this review means to quicken further assessment and uncover issues that this piece of Chinese composing merits capability and public love.

Keywords : Mass Print; Literary Publications; Qing Dynasty; Social Changes.
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords : Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty