Chinese traditional painting has been reformed and integrated in the form and content, and has become a new modern art trend with the characteristics of traditional painting, with a unique style, which has been widely recognized by society and the favor of the market. Traditional painting is full of rich traditional culture and has rich artistic connotations and research value. The study of Chinese traditional painting is of great significance to the dissemination and development of Chinese traditional culture. Given the domestic research results of traditional painting, this paper tries to through inductive analysis of literature, images, the "new" part, the traditional painting of Chinese traditional painting theme, forms, and creation method classification, summarize the current situation of traditional painting, and define and study the causes and characteristics of the so-called "modernity". In the perspective of modern culture, tradition is not only a devout belief in history but also based on a realistic situation. The questioning and speculation of history work together to create a strong cultural bond for a nation and cultivate a lasting and vigorous creative vitality. Tracing back the experience of Chinese painting and modern culture in the past hundred years, the questioning, speculation, and even deviation from the tradition form a strong and tense joint force with devout belief and jointly promote the modern process of Chinese painting.