Linguistic Variation and Standardization of English as a Global Lingua Franca in a Multicultural Context
VOLUME 21, 2024
The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review
VOLUME 6, 2023
Yalin Wang
School of International Relations, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, 210039, Jiangsu, China
School of International Relations, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing, 210039, Jiangsu, China
Abstract
Under the multicultural context, there is always the phenomenon that languages use multiple forms to express the same or similar meanings, among which there are even some usages that deviate from the traditional linguistic norms, and this phenomenon of covariation is the basis and prerequisite of ephemeral change. This paper mainly adopts the research methods of the Modern Chinese Corpus and the AmE Brown Family Corpora Corpus, and explores the features of language variation and standardization based on dependent syntactic analysis in a multicultural context. The intrinsic motivation of language variation and the constraint mechanism of variation are explored, the intrinsic law of language variation is discovered, and the cognitive sociolinguistic model of language variation is revealed. It is found that the process of language variation can be described by an S-shaped curve, with variation starting very slowly and increasing faster after it has increased to a certain level (around 20%). After the proportion of new forms reaches about 80%, the growth rate slows down significantly until it reaches the norm.
Keywords :
Multiculturalism; Corpus; Dependent Syntax; Language Variation; S-Curve.
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords :
Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty