Cultura

Innovations in Chinese Language Education: A Comprehensive Review of Pedagogical Advances and Emerging Trends

VOLUME 21, 2024

The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review

VOLUME 6, 2023

Wenyuan Lin
School of Chinese Language and Literature, Beijing Normal University, Haidian100875, Beijing, China

Abstract

In recent years, special changes have occurred in Chinese language education due to globalization and the enhancement in the importance of Mandarin. With Chinese becoming the most spoken language globally, it has been adopted as a major teachable subject in schools to create teaching methods that enrich students learning. New developments in Chinese language teaching and learning that have emerged include the use of applications of information technology through the use of mobile applications and online tools that offer interactivity. Its effectiveness is in the fact that such tools introduce students to genuine materials, which eventual learning environments could otherwise not afford. Also, the use of gamification in language acquisition was noted to promote interaction among the students, besides making it fun to learn new words and grammatical forms. Another interesting trend can be distinguished, and it concerns the focus on cultural component together with language learning process. Teaching material that presents culture in connection to learned language meaning enhances motivation and enables students to retain information that is culturally connected to the language learned. Teamwork learning settings, where learners work in groups, have also been used, which advances communication skills and use of language in real-life scenarios. It would be impossible to overestimate the significance of these educational advancements felt worldwide. As Head of School, I agree with the idea that the more countries attest to the importance of China’s diplomacy, trade, and cultural relationships and engagement, current and innovative pedagogical practices prepare learners for a global society that is rapidly becoming multilingual. In conclusion, such trends better the landscape of the Chinese as a second language and contribute to the growth of intercultural interactions.

Keywords : Mandarin Instruction, Instructional Methodologies, Information and Communications Technology, Second Language Learning, Intercultural Communicative Competence, Educational Trends and Developments.
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords : Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty