Cultura

Multidimensional Study of Water Elements in Spatial Art: A Cultural Perspective

VOLUME 22, 2025

The Role of Targeted Infra-popliteal Endovascular Angioplasty to Treat Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using the Angiosome Model: A Systematic Review

VOLUME 6, 2023

Yang Yeqiu
Department of Design, Politecnico di Milano 20158, Milan, Italy

Abstract

This article examines the multidimensional applications of water elements in spatial art through a cultural lens, specifically focusing on three key dimensions: symbolic meanings (including cultural and philosophical interpretations), expressive characteristics (encompassing physical and aesthetic properties), and practical applications (covering contemporary artistic practices and environmental implications) across different cultural contexts. Through interdisciplinary analysis, the study introduces two theoretical frameworks: the "Four-Dimensional Water Symbolism" model and the "Three-Dimensional Water Expression" model, which illuminate the cultural significance and aesthetic potential of water elements. The research employs a qualitative methodology, analyzing case studies from diverse cultural backgrounds to demonstrate how water elements transcend physical properties to embody cultural values and philosophical concepts. Results demonstrate that water elements in spatial art function as cultural mediators, bridging traditional and contemporary artistic expressions while facilitating cross-cultural dialogue. This research contributes to cultural studies by providing a comprehensive understanding of how water elements in spatial art reflect and shape cultural narratives. The findings suggest that contemporary applications of water elements increasingly function as vehicles for cultural expression and environmental consciousness, offering new perspectives on the intersection of art, culture, and ecology.

Keywords : Water Elements, Spatial Art, Cultural Symbolism, Cross-Cultural Aesthetics, Environmental Art.
Erin Saricilar
Lecture in accounting. University of Basrah, College of Administration and Economics, Department of Accounting.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease significantly impacts patients with type 2 diabetes, who often present with recalcitrant peripheral ulcers. The angiosome model of the foot presents an opportunity to perform direct angiosome-targeted endovascular interventions to maximise both wound healing and limb salvage. A systematic review was performed, with 17 studies included in the final review. Below-the-knee endovascular interventions present significant technical challenges, with technical success depending on the length of lesion being treated and the number of angiosomes that require treatment. Wound healing was significantly improved with direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty, as was limb salvage, with a significant increase in survival without major amputation. Indirect angioplasty, where the intervention is applied to collateral vessels to the angiosomes, yielded similar results to direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty. Applying the angiosome model of the foot in direct angiosome-targeted angioplasty improves outcomes for patients with recalcitrant diabetic foot ulcers in terms of primary wound healing, mean time for complete wound healing and major amputation-free survival.
Keywords : Diabetic foot ulcer, angiosome, angioplasty